Ovulation is termed as a condition when a matured egg is released by the ovary advances through the fallopian tube and waits in the uterus to be fertilized by a male sperm. Every month a matured egg is released by one of the ovaries. The uterus gets ready, its lining thickens as it waits for the fertilized egg. In the absence of any conception, the fertilized egg along with uterus lining come out and blood is shed. The process of shedding an unfertilized egg and uterine wall is called menstruation.
What is late ovulation?
Normally the matured egg is released by the ovary through the fallopian tube into the uterus by the 21st day of a woman's menstrual cycle. Anything beyond this period is usually considered a late ovulation. Not all women always follow the same reproductive cycle. Some may ovulate earlier or late than others. A late ovulation is not considered very serious unless the woman is suffering from any other serious complication or disorder. Ovulation that occurs between 10 to 21 of cycle days is considered to be normal. Ovulation beyond this period i.e., after 21 day of cycle period is regarded as late. Menstrual bleeding may vary also.
Several reasons including mental stress, formation of cysts, cancerous growth or hormone may be attributed to this. According to experts among other reasons that may be responsible for this are poor follicle production(luteal phase), failure by uterine lining to respond to normal level of development.
A late ovulation doesn't necessarily mean inability to conception. The fear on the other hand is that the quality of an egg released by the ovary late, may not be as good as it would have been if it had been dropped in time. This may lead to some birth defect of the unborn baby though not always.
Follicles
Follicles form part of the ovary and egg is the cell that matures in the inner wall of a follicle during ovarian cycle in normal conditions. Follicle contains other cells also that produce oestrogen required for normal maturation process of the egg.
A single dominant follicle is produced by the human ovaries that survive negative impacts which operate to destroy other follicles by atresia. A single dominant follicle is necessary for a single ovulation during each 'menstrual cycle'.
To become a dominant follicle, it must satisfactorily complete all the steps of 'folliculogenesis' in a timely manner. The fact that only a few follicles become dominant in mammals clearly demonstrate that folliculogenesis is a highly complicated and selective process.
Folliculogenesis is a process whereby a recruited primordial follicle develops into a specialized graafian follicle with the potential to either ovulate its eggs or to die by atresia. A primordial follicle takes about 1 year to grow and develop to the ovulatory stage in women.
The endowment of eggs is determined in the first weeks of life of the female embryo. Higher quality eggs are selected first during ovarian cycle during the first few years of life. With the passage of time as we grow older, the eggs selected are of inferior quality.
One of the major reasons behind miscarriage is inferior quality of eggs very common in older women.
Embryo
An embryo may be termed as an organism in the earliest stages of development. Its definition may vary in humans - a fertilized egg may be termed as an embryo until the eighth week of pregnancy. Afterwards it may be called a foetus. The process of cell division and begins and progresses at a rapid pace as soon as fertilization of an egg takes place.
The size of an embryo varies from 7 to 10 mm approximately after four weeks of pregnancy and development of eyes and ears is observed. It grows to about 2 to 2.5 cm and development of head and brain is observed by the end of the 2nd month. Sex of the embryo may also be distinguished at this stage.
The status of development of an human embryo is rather complex than in animals. As a human embryo gradually develops it starts to take a recognizable form and may be called a foetus.
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